000007649 001__ 7649
000007649 005__ 20251114152453.0
000007649 037__ $$aCTALK-2025-0101
000007649 100__ $$aSenthamizh Pavai, Valliappan
000007649 245__ $$aThe May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm - Challenges in Forecasting
000007649 260__ $$c2025
000007649 269__ $$c2025-09-05
000007649 520__ $$aThe May 2024 geomagnetic storm (NOAA Kp=9) was among the most intense of Solar Cycle 25, driven by multiple Earth-directed CMEs from SIDC Sunspot Group 74 and 75 (NOAA AR 3663 and 3664). This event featured ten X-class flares, complex ICME interactions, and extreme Bz fluctuations (-48 nT), leading to widespread disruptions, including GICs in power grids, HF communication blackouts, severe GNSS scintillation, and satellite anomalies. For space weather forecasters, this event posed significant real-time analysis and prediction challenges. Rapid assessment of CME propagation, speed, and impact potential relied on tools such as STEREOCat and SWPCCat for initiation parameters, and EUHFORIA and the Drag-Based Model for heliospheric propagation. However, CME-CME interactions made impact predictions highly complex, as successive CMEs altered shock arrival times, enhanced solar wind speeds, and prolonged magnetospheric disturbances, increasing uncertainty in impact assessments. This presentation will explore the operational challenges faced by space weather forecasters, the differences and limitations of current prediction models, and the need for improved data assimilation and real-time modeling to better anticipate the dynamics of complex geomagnetic storms.
000007649 536__ $$a3ESA_SWESNET/$$c3ESA_SWESNET/$$f3ESA_SWESNET
000007649 594__ $$aNO
000007649 6531_ $$aSpace weather, CME, CME-CME interactions, May 2024 event
000007649 700__ $$aShukhobodskaia, Daria
000007649 700__ $$ade Patoul, Judith
000007649 700__ $$aRodriguez, Luciano
000007649 700__ $$aCarella, Francesco
000007649 700__ $$aMagdalenic1, Jasmina
000007649 773__ $$tIAGA / IASPEI Joint Scientific Meeting 2025, Coimbra, Portugal
000007649 8560_ $$fpavai.valliappan@ksb-orb.be
000007649 906__ $$aContributed
000007649 980__ $$aCTALKCONT