5890 20241203110259.0 10.1038/s41598-022-25395-9 DOI SCART-2022-0116 Borzì, A.M. Monitoring extreme meteo-marine events in the Mediterranean area using the microseism (Medicane Apollo case study) 2022 Microseism is the continuous background seismic signal caused by the interaction between the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the solid Earth. Several studies have dealt with the relationship between microseisms and the tropical cyclones, but none focused on the small-scale tropical cyclones that occur in the Mediterranean Sea, called Medicanes. In this work, we analysed the Medicane Apollo which impacted the eastern part of Sicily during the period 25 October–5 November 2021 causing heavy rainfall, strong wind gusts and violent sea waves. We investigated the microseism accompanying this extreme Mediterranean weather event, and its relationship with the sea state retrieved from hindcast maps and wave buoys. The spectral and amplitude analyses showed the space–time variation of the microseism amplitude. In addition, we tracked the position of Apollo during the time using two different methods: (i) a grid search method; (ii) an array analysis. We obtained a good match between the real position of Apollo and the location constraint by both methods. This work shows that it is possible to extract information on Medicanes from microseisms for both research and monitoring purposes. B2/ 202/ P2/SEISMOSTORM NO microseism hurricane seismic noise tracking weather Minio, V. Cannavò, F. Cavallaro, A. D’Amico, S. Gauci, A. De Plaen, R. Lecocq, T. Nardone, G. Orasi, A. Picone, M. Cannata, A. Scientific Reports 12 2022 21363 thomas.lecocq@observatoire.be https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25395-9 826860 http://publi2-as.oma.be/record/5890/files/apollo.png Localization of the microseism source for the period 29 October 2021 20:00 (a) and 2 November 2021 04:00 (b). The blue five-point star indicates the centroid position of all the grid nodes whose R2 values do not differ by more than 1% from the maximum R2 value. The red line represents the significant wave heights (in m) obtained from the Copernicus product MEDSEA_HINDCAST_WAV_006_012. In particular the dotted line represents significant wave heights of 2 m, the dashed line represents significant wave heights of 2.5 m and the solid line represents significant wave heights of 3 m. 14748 http://publi2-as.oma.be/record/5890/files/apollo.jpg?subformat=icon-180 icon-180 Localization of the microseism source for the period 29 October 2021 20:00 (a) and 2 November 2021 04:00 (b). The blue five-point star indicates the centroid position of all the grid nodes whose R2 values do not differ by more than 1% from the maximum R2 value. The red line represents the significant wave heights (in m) obtained from the Copernicus product MEDSEA_HINDCAST_WAV_006_012. In particular the dotted line represents significant wave heights of 2 m, the dashed line represents significant wave heights of 2.5 m and the solid line represents significant wave heights of 3 m. 21096 http://publi2-as.oma.be/record/5890/files/apollo.gif?subformat=icon icon Localization of the microseism source for the period 29 October 2021 20:00 (a) and 2 November 2021 04:00 (b). The blue five-point star indicates the centroid position of all the grid nodes whose R2 values do not differ by more than 1% from the maximum R2 value. The red line represents the significant wave heights (in m) obtained from the Copernicus product MEDSEA_HINDCAST_WAV_006_012. In particular the dotted line represents significant wave heights of 2 m, the dashed line represents significant wave heights of 2.5 m and the solid line represents significant wave heights of 3 m. published in REFERD