000003145 001__ 3145
000003145 005__ 20180123161050.0
000003145 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1016/j.tecto.2017.01.023
000003145 037__ $$aSCART-2017-0024
000003145 100__ $$aVerbeeck, Koen
000003145 245__ $$aEpisodic activity of a dormant fault in tectonically stable Europe: The Rauw fault (NE Belgium)
000003145 260__ $$c2017
000003145 520__ $$aOur knowledge about large earthquakes in stable continental regions comes from studies of faults that generated historical surface rupturing earthquakes or were identified by their recent imprint in the morphology. Here, we evaluate the co-seismic character and movement history of the Rauw fault in Belgium, which lacks geomorphological expression and historical/present seismicity. This 55-km-long normal fault, with known Neogene and possibly Early Pleistocene activity, is the largest offset fault west of the active Roer Valley Graben. Its trace was identified in the shallow subsurface based on high resolution geophysics. All the layers within the Late Pliocene Mol Formation (3.6 to 2.59 Ma) are displaced 7 m vertically, without growth faulting, but deeper deposits show increasing offset. A paleoseismic trench study revealed cryoturbated, but unfaulted, late glacial coversands overlying faulted layers of Mol Formation. In-between those deposits, the fault tip was eroded, along with evidence for individual displacement events. Fragmented clay gouge observed in a micromorphology sample of the main fault evidences co-seismic faulting, as opposed to fault creep. Based on optical and electron spin resonance dating and trench stratigraphy, the 7 m combined displacement is bracketed to have occurred between 2.59 Ma and 45 ka. The regional presence of the Sterksel Formation alluvial terrace deposits, limited to the hanging wall of the Rauw fault, indicates a deflection of the Meuse/Rhine confluence (1.0 to 0.5 Ma) by the fault’s activity, suggesting that most of the offset occurred prior to/at this time interval. In the trench, Sterksel Formation is eroded but reworked gravel testifies for its former presence. Hence, the Rauw fault appears as typical of plate interior context, with an episodic seismic activity concentrated between 1.0 and 0.5 Ma or at least between 2.59 Ma to 45 ka, possibly related to activity variations in the adjacent, continuously active Roer Valley Graben.
000003145 536__ $$aNIRAS/$$cONDRAF contracts; European SAFE project EVG1-CT-2000-00023; Belgian Science Ministry Action 1 projects MO/$$f33/006 and MO/33/011 
000003145 594__ $$aNO
000003145 6531_ $$aPaleoseismology
000003145 6531_ $$aStable continental region
000003145 6531_ $$aRauw fault
000003145 6531_ $$aCampine Basin
000003145 6531_ $$aOptical dating
000003145 6531_ $$aElectron spin resonance dating
000003145 700__ $$aWouters, Laurent
000003145 700__ $$aVanneste, Kris
000003145 700__ $$aCamelbeeck, Thierry
000003145 700__ $$aVandenberghe, Dimitri
000003145 700__ $$aBeerten, Koen
000003145 700__ $$aRogiers, Bart
000003145 700__ $$aSchiltz, Marco
000003145 700__ $$aBurow, Christoph
000003145 700__ $$aMees, Florias
000003145 700__ $$aDe Grave, Johan
000003145 700__ $$aVandenberghe, Noël
000003145 773__ $$c146-163$$pTectonophysics$$v699
000003145 8560_ $$fkoen.verbeeck@observatoire.be
000003145 85642 $$ahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004019511730032X
000003145 85642 $$ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/312971589_Episodic_activity_of_a_dormant_fault_in_tectonically_stable_Europe_The_Rauw_fault_NE_Belgium
000003145 905__ $$apublished in
000003145 980__ $$aREFERD